Like many Englishmen, the most important thing to me is having a decent cup of tea. So I was delighted when we bought a variable temperature kettle. This doesn’t just heat up the water to boiling point. It lets you select the right temperature for the kind of drink you have. I tell you, my early morning cuppa never tasted so good. You select the temperature you want the water to be, and you can even opt to keep the water warm – a handy device if, like me, you boil the kettle and then go off to feed the various parasites that live with you. (Presumably, I should not have used the expression “boil the kettle”, but saying “95 degree Celsius the kettle” does not exactly flow off the tongue.)

Just love those controls on the bottom!

But how does it work? It struck me that this would be a nice exercise to set students. What would be the underlying algorithm by which the kettle works out what the temperature is, and then carries on heating the water or stops? How does keeping the water warm come into it? And how would the algorithm or flowchart differ for an ordinary kettle?

I don’t think it matters much whether what the students work out is actually how it works in practice, but there is some information available, such as this eHow article: How does an electric kettle work?

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